Callus: Callus is a thickening of the skin on the bottom of the foot or heel. Calluses develop anywhere there is an increased, prolonged area of pressure. These pressures may arise from structural changes in the foot, such as a prominent bone at the ball of the foot, or ill-fitting shoe gear. The wear pattern of shoe gear often coincides with the area of increased pressure and underlying callus. Treatments include trimming and padding the callus. Orthotic devices are often helpful in callus management by controlling excessive foot movements leading to callus formation. Surgery is sometimes required.